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Introduction Abba (ab-ba) Aramaic. Abba. "Father" (Mark 14:26; Rom. 8:15; Gal. 4:6). It has long been supposed that the ancient Aramaic word "abba" was a term of familiarity that a young child might have used to address his father, similar to "daddy" or "papa" in English. It should be noted, however, that abba (אַבָּא) is clearly cognate with the Hebrew word av (אָב), meaning "Father," though the -א ending on the Aramaic word makes it a definite noun -- similar to adding the Hey prefix (-ה) to a Hebrew word (i.e., ha'av: הָאָב). In the New Testament, abba (αββα) is always connected with "the Father" (ὁ πατήρ) to form "Abba, the Father" (i.e., αββα ὁ πατήρ). It is thought that the word "Abba" might have been unknowable to Greek-speaking Jews and therefore ὁ πατήρ ("the Father") was added to clarify the meaning. In the Babylonian Talmud, abba was combined with the word rav (master) to coin the word rabba, a term of respect for revered Torah sage. In the famous "Disciple's Prayer," Yeshua instructed his followers to call God "our Heavenly Father" (אָבִינוּ שֶׁבַּשָּׁמַיִם), though He clearly stressed that we understand the sanctity of the Name of the LORD (יִתְקַדֵּשׁ שְׁמֶךָ). In other words, when we call God our Father, we must remember who we are addressing (i.e., the LORD) and show proper reverence and awe for His glory and honor. This is expressed in the principle: דַּע לִפְנֵי מִי אַתָּה עוֹמֵד / da lifnei mi attah omed: "Know before whom you stand." As it is written: רֵאשִׁית חָכְמָה יִרְאַת יהוה / "The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom" (Psalm 111:10), and כִּי־יהוה עֶלְיוֹן נוֹרָא מֶלֶךְ גָּדוֹל עַל־כָּל־הָאָרֶץ / "For the LORD Most High is awesome, great king over all the earth" (Psalm 47:2). We need to be careful here. Calling the LORD "daddy-God" or "papa-God" verges on presumptuousness by diminishing His glory as the Master of the Universe. And while it is true that the LORD is our gracious and loving Savior, He is also Judge of all the earth. Christians are to "put away childish things" (1 Cor. 13:11) and understand that God is our Judge: "For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Messiah, so that each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, whether good or evil" (2 Cor. 5:10). "Every man's work shall be made manifest: for the day shall declare it, because it shall be revealed by fire; and the fire shall try every man's work of what sort it is" (1 Cor. 3:13). "It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God" (Heb. 10:31). Abba our Father  Abba Avinu (ab-ba ah-VEE-nu) Aramaic. Abba our Father (Rom. 8:15). All Sufficient God  El Shaddai (el sha-DAI) The All Sufficient God; Shad means "breast" in Hebrew (Rev. 1:8; cp. Gen. 17:1). Consuming Fire  Esh Okhlah (EISH oh-khe-LAH) Consuming Fire (Heb. 12:29; cp. Deut. 4:24). Creator  Hayotzer (ha-yoh-TSEIR) The Creator (Rom. 1:25; 1 Peter 4:9). El Elyon  El Elyon (el el-YOHN) The Most High God. (Heb. 7:1; cp. Gen. 14:20; Psalm 9:2). Elohim  Elohim (e-lo-HEEM) God (2 Cor. 9:7). El Shaddai El Shaddai (el sha-DAI) The All Sufficient God; Shad means "breast" in Hebrew (Rev. 1:8; cp. Gen. 17:1). Everlasting Father  Avi'ad (a-vee-AD) Everlasting Father; Father of Eternity (1 Cor. 8:6). Father of All  Avi-khol (a-vee-KHOL) Father of all (Eph. 4:6). Father of Glory  Avi HaKavod (a-vee hak-kah-VOHD) Father of Glory (Eph. 1:17). Father of Lights  Avi HaMe'orot (a-vee ha-me-oh-ROHT) Father of Lights (James. 1:17). Father of Mercies  Avi HaRachamim (a-vee ha-ra-cha-MEEM) Father of Mercies (2 Cor. 1:3). Father of our LORD Jesus the Messiah  Avi Yeshua Hamashiach Adoneinu (a-vee ha-roo-KHOT) Father of our Lord Jesus the Messiah (Col. 1:3; Rom. 15:6; 2 Cor. 1:3; 1 Pet. 1:3 ). Father of Spirits  Avi HaRuchot (a-vee ha-roo-KHOT) Father of spirits (Hebrews 12:9). God Elohim (e-lo-HEEM) God (2 Cor. 9:7). God of Abraham  Elohei Avraham (e-lo-hay av-rah-HAHM) The God of Abraham (Acts 7:32; cp. Ex. 3:15). God of all Comfort  Elohei khol-Nechamah (e-lo-hay khol-ne-kha-MAH) God of all Comfort (2 Cor. 1:3). God of our Fathers  Elohei Avoteinu (e-lo-hay a-vo-TAY-nu) God of our fathers (Acts 7:32; cp. Deut. 26:7; 1 Chron. 12:17). God of Glory  Elohei HaKavod (e-lo-hay hak-ka-VOHD) God of Glory (Acts 7:2; cp. Psa. 29:3). God of Israel  El Yisrael (el yees-rah-EL) The God of Israel (Matt. 15:31; cp. Ps. 68:36). God of Issac  Elohei Ya'akov (e-lo-hay yeetz-KHAK) The God of Isaac (Acts 7:32; cp. Ex. 3:15). God of Jacob  Elohei Ya'akov (e-lo-hay ya-a-kov) God of Jacob (Acts 7:32; cp. Ex. 3:15). God of Peace  Elohei HaShalom (e-lo-hay ha-sha-LOHM) The God of Peace (Heb. 13:20). God the Father  Elohim Avinu (e-lo-HEEM ah-VEE-nu) God the Father (2 Tim. 1:2). Heavenly Father  Avinu Shebashamayim (a-vee-KHOL) Our Heavenly Father; "Our Father Who art in Heaven" (Matt. 6:9; Luke 11:2). King of Kings  Melekh HaMelakhim (ME-lekh ha-me-lah-KHEEM) King of Kings (1 Tim. 6:15; Rev. 17:14; 19:16). King of the Nations  Melekh HaGoyim (ME-lekh ha-goi-YEEM) King of the nations (Rev. 15:3). Living God  Elohim Chayim (e-lo-HEEM KHAI-eem) The Living God (2 Cor. 3:3; 6:16; cp. Jer. 10:10). LORD God  Adonai Elohim (a-doh-NIGH e-lo-HEEM) The LORD God (Acts 3:22; cp. Gen. 2:4, etc.). LORD of Hosts  Adonai Tseva'ot (a-doh-NIGH tse-va-OHT) The LORD of armies (or hosts) (2 Cor. 6:18; James 5:4; cp. 1 Sam. 1:11). LORD of Lords  Adonei Ha-Adonim (a-doh-NEI ha-a-doh-NEEM) Lord of Lords (1 Tim. 6:15; Rev. 17:14; 19:16). Most High God El Elyon (el el-YOHN) The Most High God. (Heb. 7:1; cp. Gen. 14:20; Psalm 9:2). Our Heavenly Father Avinu Shebashamayim (a-vee-KHOL) Our Heavenly Father; "Our Father Who art in Heaven" (Matt. 6:9; Luke 11:2). The All Sufficient God El Shaddai (el sha-DAI) The All Sufficient God; Shad means "breast" in Hebrew (Rev. 1:8; cp. Gen. 17:1). The Creator Hayotzer (ha-yoh-TSEIR) The Creator (Rom. 1:25; 1 Peter 4:9). The Excellent One  Hagaon (ha-GAH-ohn) The Exaltation; The Excellency (2 Peter 1:17; cp. Job 37:4; Isa. 2:19). The Father of Jesus the Messiah  HaAv L'Yeshua HaMashiach (ha-ahv le-ye-SHU-a ham-ma-SHEE-ach) The Father of Jesus the Messiah (2 Cor. 11:31). The God of Israel El Yisrael (el yees-rah-EL) The God of Israel (Matt. 15:31; cp. Ps. 68:36). The Judge  HaShofet (ha-SHO-fet) The Judge (James 4:12; cp. Judges 11:27). The King of Kings Melekh HaMelakhim (ME-lekh ha-me-lah-KHEEM) King of Kings (1 Tim. 6:15; Rev. 17:14; 19:16). The King of the Nations Melekh HaGoyim (ME-lekh ha-goi-YEEM) King of the nations (Rev. 15:3). The Living God Elohim Chayim (e-lo-HEEM KHAI-eem) The Living God (2 Cor. 3:3; 6:16; cp. Jer. 10:10). The LORD God Adonai Elohim (a-doh-NIGH e-lo-HEEM) The LORD God (Acts 3:22; cp. Gen. 2:4, etc.). The LORD God Almighty  Adonai Elohei Tseva'ot (a-doh-NIGH e-lo-HAY tse-va-OHT) Lord God Almighty; Lord God of Hosts (Rev. 15:3). The LORD God of Israel  Adonai Elohei Yisrael (a-doh-NIGH e-lo-HEEM yees-rah-EL) The Lord God of Israel (Luke 1:68; cp. Isa. 17:6). The LORD of Hosts Adonai Tseva'ot (a-doh-NIGH tse-va-OHT) The LORD of armies (or hosts) (2 Cor. 6:18; James 5:4; cp. 1 Sam. 1:11). The LORD of Lords Adonei Ha-Adonim (a-doh-NEI ha-a-doh-NEEM) Lord of Lords (1 Tim. 6:15; Rev. 17:14; 19:16). The Majesty on High  HaGedullah Bamaron (ha-ge-doo-lah bam-ma-ROHM) The Majesty on High (Heb. 1:3; cp. 1 Chron. 29:11). The Most High God El Elyon (el el-YOHN) The Most High God. (Heb. 7:1; cp. Gen. 14:20; Psalm 9:2). The Only Wise God  Elohim Echad V'hechakham (e-lo-HEEM e-KHAD ve-he-khah-KHAM) The Only Wise God (1 Tim. 1:17). The Power  Hagevurah (ha-ge-voo-RAH) The Power (Mark 14:62). The Sovereign One  Hamvorakh (ham-voh-RAKH) Potentate, Emperor, Sovereign, Supreme Ruler (1 Tim. 6:15). A Note about the Hebrew and Greek Texts for the Father's Names |
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Hebrew for Christians |
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